Pediatrics in Review
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(Pediatrics in Review. 2008;29:105-106.)
© 2008 American Academy of Pediatrics

In Brief

Enteral Feeding

The first 20% of the full text of this article appears below.

Enteral Nutrition. Abad-Sinden A, Sutphen I. In: Walker WA, Goulet O, Kleinman RE, Sherman PM, Schneider BL, Sanderson IR, eds. Pediatric Gastrointestinal Disease. 4th ed. Hamilton, Ontario, Canada: BC Decker; 2004:1981 –1991 Short-Bowel Syndrome and Intestinal Adaptation. Vanderhoof J. In: Walker WA, Goulet O, Kleinman RE, Sherman PM, Schneider BL, Sanderson IR, eds. Pediatric Gastrointestinal Disease. 4th ed. Hamilton, Ontario, Canada: BC Decker; 2004:750 –753 Nutrition Support. Tiberio E, Surkhang D, Brusco T. In: Piccini JP, Nilsson KR, eds. The Osler Medical Handbook. 2nd ed. Baltimore, Md: Johns Hopkins University; 2006 Nutrition in Gastrointestinal Diseases. DeLegge M. In: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Sleisenger MH, eds. Feldman, Sleisenger & Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease. 8th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders; 2006:365 –378

Nutrition support is essential for patients unable to meet daily caloric or fluid requirements orally and can be provided either by an enteral or parenteral route. Enteral support is preferred because it is more "physiologic," less expensive, safer, and associated with fewer adverse effects than parenteral nutrition. Enteral feeding stimulates gastrointestinal (GI) motility, minimizes atrophy of the GI mucosa, decreases the risk of bacterial overgrowth, and prevents translocation of bacteria or bacterial products into the circulation. Enteral nutrition avoids the need for central venous access, thus diminishing infections and eliminating the thrombotic and hepatic complications of parenteral nutrition.

Malnourished children unable to maintain adequate nutrition can benefit from enteral feeding. Conditions warranting enteral nutrition include feeding of preterm infants, prolonged anorexia, severe protein-energy malnutrition, neurologic disease or impairment, liver failure, cardiopulmonary disease, inflammatory bowel disease, short gut syndrome, critical illness, and conditions of hypermetabolism (burn injury, cancer, human immunodeficiency virus infection/acquired immune deficiency syndrome, trauma/head trauma), and . . . [Full Text of this Article]


Taryn E. Weissman, MD
Barry K. Wershil, MD
 The Children's Hospital at Montefiore
Bronx, NY

Henry M. Adam, MD, Editor, In Brief




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