Pediatrics in Review
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(Pediatrics in Review. 2007;28:35-36.)
© 2007 American Academy of Pediatrics

In Brief

Opiate Overdose

The first 20% of the full text of this article appears below.

Opioid Analgesics. Gutstein HB, Akil H. In: Bruton LL, Lazo JS, Parker KL, eds. Goodman & Gilman’s The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 11th ed. New York, NY: McGraw Hill; 2006 Opiates and Narcotics. Schwartz M. In: Haddad LM, Shannon MW, Winchester JF, eds. Clinical Management of Poisoning and Drug Overdose. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders; 1998:505 –520 Opioids. Tintinalli JE, Kelen GD, et al. In: Tintinalli’s Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide. 6th ed. New York, NY: McGraw Hill; 2006 Effective Medical Treatment of Opiate Addiction. National Consensus Developmental Panel on Effective Medical Treatment of Opiate Addiction. JAMA. 1998;280 :1936 –1943[Abstract/Free Full Text] Double-blind, Randomized Study of Nalmefene and Naloxone in Emergency Department Patients With Suspected Narcotic Overdose. Kaplan JL, Marx JA, Calabro JJ, et al. Ann Emerg Med. 1999;34 :42 –50[CrossRef][Medline]

Opiates are drugs derived from opium, and opioids are synthetic narcotics that have opiatelike actions. Often, the terms are used interchangeably. Opioid medications are effective in the treatment of acute and chronic pain, as sedatives, and as anesthetic agents. They also produce a feeling of euphoria and, thus, have the potential to be abused.

The activity of opioids resembles that of the body’s endogenous opioid peptides, which produce their effects through interaction with receptors throughout the nervous system and the gastrointestinal tract. Complex . . . [Full Text of this Article]


Rene J. Forti, MD
 Children’s Hospital at Montefiore
Bronx, NY

Henry M. Adam, MD, Editor, In Brief




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